SIMWISE - Simulation Workforce Initiative for Simulation Excellence (Online Modules) - UT TYLER

INACSL (HSSOBP) Outcomes and Objectives

INACSL (HSSOBP) Professional Integrity

INACSL (HSSOBP) Simulation Design Criteria

NLN Jeffries Simulation Framework

Simulation-Based Experience Checklist

Simulation-Based Experience Worksheet

Briefing Checklist

INACSL (HSSOBP) Debriefing Process

INACSL (HSSOBP) Evaluation of Learning and Performance

INACSL (HSSOBP) Prebriefing Preparation and Briefing

Communicating During Effective Simulation

Prebriefing Essential Components

3D Model

Challenges in Debriefing

CISD Model

Diamond Model

DML Model

Emotional Response Support

GAS Model

General Debriefing Questions

Overview of Common Debriefing Models Frameworks

PEARLS Model

Plus Delta Model

REFLECT Model

The Debriefing Process Checklist

Additional Assessment Example Tools

Evaluation Checklist

Evaluation Tools List

INACSL (HHOBP) Evaluation of Learning and Performance

Lasater Clinical Judgment Rubric (LCJR)

Types of Evaluation

Decker, S., Sapp, A., Bibin, L., Chidume, T., Crawford, S. B., Fayyaz, J., Johnson, S., & Szydlowski, J. (2025). Healthcare simulation standards of best practice®: The debriefing process. Clinical Simulation in Nursing, 105, 101779. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecns.2025.101779

DiGregorio, H., Todd, A., Blackwell, B., Brennan, B. A., Repsha, C., Shelton, C. M., Vaughn, J., Wands, L., Wruble, E., & Yeager, C. (2025). Healthcare simulation standards of best practice®: Facilitation. Clinical Simulation in Nursing, 105, 101780. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecns.2025.101780

INACSL Standards Committee, Persico, L., Wilson-Keates, B., DiGregorio, H., Decker, S., & Xavier, N. (2025). Preamble: Grounded in excellence: The cornerstone healthcare simulation standards of best practice®. Clinical Simulation in Nursing, 105, 101776. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecns.2025.101776

Miller, C., Deckers, C., Jones, M., Wells-Beede, E., & McGee, E. (2021). Healthcare simulation standards of best practice™: Outcomes and objectives. Clinical Simulation in Nursing, 58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecns.2021.08.006

Persico, L., Ramakrishnan, S., Wilson-Keates, B., Catena, R., Charnetski, M., Fogg, N., Jones, M. C., Ludlow, J., MacLean, H., Simmons, V. C., Smeltzer, S., & Wilk, A. (2025). Healthcare simulation standards of best practice®: Prebriefing: Preparation and briefing. Clinical Simulation in Nursing, 105, 10177. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecns.2025.101777

Watts, P. I., McDermott, D. S., Alinier, G., Charnetski, M., Ludlow, J., Horsley, E., Meakim, C., & Nawathe, P. A. (2021). Healthcare simulation standards of best practice™: Simulation design. Clinical Simulation in Nursing, 58, 14–21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecns.2021.08.009

Jeffries, P. R. (Ed.). (2016). The NLN Jeffries simulation theory. National League for Nursing. https://www.nln.org/

Lioce, L. (Ed.), Lopreiato, J. (Founding Ed.), Anderson, M., Deutsch, E. S., Downing, D., Robertson, J. M., Diaz, D. A., Spain, A. E. (Assoc. Eds.), & Terminology and Concepts Working Group. (2025). Healthcare simulation dictionary (3rd ed.). Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. https://doi.org/10.23970/simulationdictionary

Meakim, C., Boese, T., Decker, S., Franklin, A. E., Gloe, D., Lioce, L., Sando, C. R., & Borum, J. C. (2013). Standards of best practice: Simulation Standard I: Terminology. Clinical Simulation in Nursing, 9(6), S3–S11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecns.2013.04.001

Rudolph, J. W., Raemer, D. B., & Simon, R. (2014). Establishing a safe container for learning in simulation: The role of the presimulation briefing. Simulation in Healthcare, 9(6), 339–349. https://doi.org/10.1097/SIH.0000000000000047

Decker, S., Sapp, A., Bibin, L., Chidume, T., Crawford, S. B., Fayyaz, J., Johnson, K., & Szydlowski, J. (2025). Healthcare simulation standards of best practice®: The debriefing process. Clinical Simulation in Nursing, 105, 101779. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1876139925000969?via%3Dihub

DiGregorio, H., Todd, A., Blackwell, B., Brennan, B. A., Repsha, C., Shelton, C. M., Vaughn, J., Wands, L., Wruble, E., & Yeager, C. (2025). Healthcare simulation standards of best practice®: Facilitation. Clinical Simulation in Nursing, 105, 101780 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecns.2025.101780

Persico, L., Ramakrishnan, S., Wilson-Keates, B., Catena, R., Charnetski, M., Fogg, N., Jones, M. C., MacLean, H., Simmons, V. C., & Wilk, A. (2025). Healthcare simulation standards of best practice®: Prebriefing: Preparation and briefing. Clinical Simulation in Nursing, 105, 101777. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecns.2025.101777

Watts, P. I., McDermott, D. S., Alinier, G., Charnetski, M., Ludlow, J., Horsley, E., Meakim, C., & Nawathe, P. A. (2021). Healthcare simulation standards of best practice™: Simulation design. Clinical Simulation in Nursing, 58, 14–21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecns.2021.08.009

Koukourikos, K., Tsaloglidou, A., Kourkouta, L., Papathanasiou, I. V., Iliadis, C., Fratzana, A., & Panagiotou, A. (2021). Simulation in clinical nursing education. Acta Informatica Medica, 29(1), 15–20. https://doi.org/10.5455/aim.2021.29.15-20

Lebo, C. R. (2024). Undergraduate senior nursing students’ perceptions of beneficial prebriefing practices. Journal of Nursing Education, 63(10), 693–697. https://doi.org/10.3928/01484834-20240506-06

 Mulli, J., Nowell, L., Swart, R., & Estefan, A. (2022). Undergraduate nursing simulation facilitators’ lived experience of facilitating reflection-in-action during high-fidelity simulation: A phenomenological study. Nurse Education Today, 109, 105251.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2021.105251

Solli, H., Haukedal, T., Husebø, S., & Reierson, I. (2020). The art of balancing: The facilitator’s role in briefing in simulation-based learning from the perspective of nursing students—a qualitative study. BMC Nursing, 19(1), Article 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-020-00413-0

Tong, L., Yi, Y. Y., Leng Au, M., Wang, S. C., & Ng, W. I. (2022). Prebriefing for high-fidelity simulation in nursing education: A meta-analysis. Nurse Education Today, 119, 105609. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2022.105609

Wong, F. (2024). How students learn during the pre-briefing and observation of facilitation in a high-fidelity patient simulation: A narrative analysis. Healthcare, 12(17), 1761. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare12171761

McMahon, R., Jimenez, F. A., Lawrence, K., & Victor, J. (2021). Healthcare simulation standards of best practice™: Evaluation of learning and performance. Clinical Simulation in Nursing, 58, 54–56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecns.2021.08.016

INACSL Standards Committee, Persico, L., Ramakrishnan, S., Wilson-Keates, B., Catena, R., Charnetski, M., Fogg, N., Jones, M. C., Ludlow, J., MacLean, H., Simmons, V. C., Smeltzer, S., & Wilk, A. (2025). Healthcare Simulation Standard of Best Practice®: Prebriefing: Preparation and briefing. Clinical Simulation in Nursing, 105, 101777. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecns.2025.101777

Rossler, K., Molloy, M. A., Pastva, A. M., Brown, M., & Xavier, N. (2021). Healthcare simulation standards of best practice™: Simulation-enhanced interprofessional education. Clinical Simulation in Nursing, 58, 49–53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecns.2021.08.015

Xavier, N., Quinn, J., Amidon, B., Barnes, R., Bronson, S., & Dunning, L. (2025). Healthcare simulation standards of best practice®: Professional integrity. Clinical Simulation in Nursing, 105, 101778. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecns.2025.101778

Bowler, F., Klein, M., & Wilford, A. (2021). Healthcare simulation standards of best practice™: Professional integrity. Clinical Simulation in Nursing, 58, 45–48. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecns.2021.08.014

Charnetski, M., & Jarvill, M. (2021). Healthcare simulation standards of best practice™: Operations. Clinical Simulation in Nursing, 58, 33–39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecns.2021.08.012

Cole, H. S. (2023). Competency-based evaluations in undergraduate nursing simulation: A state of the literature. Clinical Simulation in Nursing, 76, 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecns.2022.12.004

Wyatt, P. H. (2023). Improving the competency of nurse educators in the use of simulation. International Journal of Nursing and Health Care Research, 6, 1456. https://www.gavinpublishers.com/article/view/improving-the-competency-of-nurse-educators-in-the-use-of-simulation

Decker, S., Sapp, A., Bibin, L., Chidume, T., Crawford, S. B., Fayyaz, J., Jonson, K., & Szydlowski, J. (2025). Healthcare Simulation Standards of Best Practice®: The debriefing process. Clinical Simulation in Nursing, 105, 1–7. http://europepmc.org/books/NBK546660

DiGregorio, H., Todd, A., Blackwell, B., Brennan, B. A., Repsha, C., Shelton, C. M., Vaughn, J., Wandas, L., Wruble, E., & Yeager, C. (2025). Healthcare Simulation Standards of Best Practice®: Facilitation. Clinical Simulation in Nursing, 105, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecns.2022.12.004

Dreifuerst, K. (2015). Getting started with debriefing for meaningful learning. Clinical Simulation in Nursing, 11(5), 268–275. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecns.2021.08.011

Rudolph, J., Simon, R., Rivard, P., Dufresne, R., & Raemer, D. (2007). Debriefing with good judgment: Combining rigorous feedback with genuine inquiry. Anesthesiology Clinics, 25(2), 361–376. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anclin.2007.03.007

Jaye, P., Thomas, L., & Reedy, G. (2015). “The Diamond”: A structure for simulation debrief. The Clinical Teacher, 12(3), 171–175. https://doi.org/10.1111/tct.12300

Phrampus, P., & O’Donnell, J. (2013). Debriefing using a structured and supported approach. In B. Z. Levine, S. DeMaria Jr., A. D. Schwartz, & A. J. Sim (Eds.), The comprehensive textbook of healthcare simulation (pp. 73–84). Springer. https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-4614-5993-4_6?utm_source=copilot.com

Cheng, A., Grant, V., Robinson, T., Catena, H., Lachapelle, K., Kim, J., Adler, M., & Eppich, W. (2016). The promoting excellence and reflective learning in simulation (PEARLS) approach to health care debriefing: A faculty development guide. Clinical Simulation in Nursing, 12(10), 419–428. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecns.2016.05.002

Eppich, W., & Cheng, A. (2015). Promoting excellence and reflective learning in simulation (PEARLS): Development and rationale for a blended approach to health care simulation debriefing. Simulation in Healthcare, 10(2), 106–115. https://doi.org/10.1097/SIH.0000000000000072

Kolbe, M., Weiss, M., Grote, G., Knauth, A., Dambach, M., Spahn, D., & Grande, B. (2013). TeamGAINS: A tool for structured debriefings for simulation-based team trainings. BMJ Quality & Safety, 22(7), 541–548. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjqs-2012-000917

Zinns, L., Mullan, P., O’Connell, K., Ryan, L., & Wratney, A. (2020). An evaluation of a new debriefing framework: REFLECT. Simulation in Healthcare, 36(3), 150–156. https://doi.org/10.1097/pec.0000000000001111

Zigmont, J. J., Kappus, L. J., & Sudikoff, S. N. (2011). The 3D model of debriefing: Defusing, discovering, and deepening. Seminars in Perinatology, 35(2), 52–58. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.semperi.2011.01.003

Everly, G., Jr., & Mitchell, J. T. (1997). A primer on the critical incident stress management (CISM). International Critical Incident Stress Foundation. https://icisf.org/a-primer-on-critical-incident-stress-management-cism/

Abulebda, K., Auerbach, M., & Limaiem, F. (2022). Debriefing techniques utilized in medical simulation. StatPearls. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31536266/

Cole, H. S. (2023). Competency-based evaluations in undergraduate nursing simulation: A state of the literature. Clinical Simulation in Nursing, 76, 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecns.2022.12.004

White, H., Hayes, C., Axisa, C., & Power, T. (2021). On the other side of simulation: Evaluating faculty debriefing styles. Clinical Simulation in Nursing, 61, 96–106. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecns.2021.08.004

Wyatt, P. H. (2023). Improving the competency of nurse educators in the use of simulation. International Journal of Nursing and Health Care Research, 6, 1456. https://www.gavinpublishers.com/article/view/improving-the-competency-of-nurse-educators-in-the-use-of-simulation

Cantrell, M. A., Mariani, B., & Lengetti, E. (2021). Internal reliability estimates of the Lasater Clinical Judgment Rubric among new-to-practice nurses in a simulated setting. Nursing Education Perspectives, 42(6), E49–E51. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.NEP.0000000000000802

INACSL Standards Committee, Decker, S., Sapp, A., Bibin, L., Chidume, T., Crawford, S. B., Fayyaz, J., Johnson, B. K., & Szydlowski, J. (2025). Healthcare simulation standards of best practice®: The debriefing process. Clinical Simulation in Nursing, 105, 101775. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecns.2025.101775

Watts, P. I., McDermott, D. S., Alinier, G., Charnetski, M., Ludlow, J., Horsley, E., Meakim, C., & Nawathe, P. A. (2021). Healthcare simulation standards of best practice®: Simulation design. Clinical Simulation in Nursing, 58, 14–21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecns.2021.08.009

INACSL Standards Committee, McMahon, E., Jimenez, F. A., Lawrence, K., & Victor, J. (2021, September). Healthcare simulation standards of best practice®: Evaluation of learning and performance. Clinical Simulation in Nursing, 58, 54–56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecns.2021.08.016